Tuesday, April 30, 2013

The open web is 20 years old, from CERN network that has enveloped the world - Il Sole 24 Ore

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Into This entry was posted on April 30, 2013 at 16:56.

Into An unexpected success
The choice of CERN accelerates the global spread of the World Wide Web for the first time that had been described by Tim Berners-Lee at the end of the eighties. Initially, however, has to deal with rivals such as Gopher that he could count on a much wider community of supporters, but in the early months of 1993 introduces a paid model while the World Wide Web has its supporters among experts in information technology and is free. In the twentieth anniversary of CERN has launched an initiative to rebuild the first website designed with the operating system of Nextstep that will form the basis of Mac OS X.

Explorations on the internet
In the early nineties visual browsers such as Mosaic enable browsing online to make it accessible outside the perimeter of the laboratories and also get into the homes of users. It is the launching pad of a first wave of startups: the Mosaic browser in Netscape will feed which in turn is at the root of Mozilla Firefox.

Into Nobody had foreseen what would be the consequences: in the early days the web facilitated the management of databases that could contain the documents of scientific research. But it soon became clear the enormous potential thanks to the spread on the internet. Tim Berners-Lee had seen a cultural revolution.

A hotbed of startup
The top six most visited online spaces in the world, according to Alexa rankings, owe their success to the web. In the first half of the nineties are needed soon directory: will be a central element in the rapid growth of Yahoo!.

Into Multip ly the search engines to look at a galaxy expanding. Will be dozens. Among the first to take off are Altavista and Yahoo!. Two researchers from Stanford University (which in 1991 had hosted the first web server in the USA), Sergey Brin and Larry Page, varano their startup and decide to call it Google: the PageRank algorithm to the heart of the search engine is inspired by the bibliographic citations and is suited to probe the links on the web. In the same period Robin Li, a software developer for a company of information technology, back to Beijing to set up the search engine Baidu.

Into The online audience seeking expressive spaces. He works to the Wikipedia encyclopedia where users can write entries. It participates in a second wave of what is called Web 2.0. Gain ground even social networks: Facebook will be the first online social network to cross the finish line of a billion users and has many public pages become a place of conversation among members. Also off YouTu be that exceeds one billion users and makes available a huge library of videos on the web.

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