Transporting electricity for long distances, creating an efficient system of integrated networks at European level. In short, true “super grid”, with Italy that could act as a hub. But the network, as well as super, will also have to be smart, ‘smart’: avoiding waste and unnecessary losses and making optimum use of the energy produced by renewable sources. All to arrive at a new energy system, low carbon , which looks at both economic and environmental sustainability is.
this is the scenario in which they look Aeneas and Nedo, the Japanese government Agency for energy and technological development, with the understanding signed that provides for the construction and testing of a demonstration system of the latest generation for the transmission of electrical energy in direct current. At its core is the idea that the technology transfer will work: “We managed to put together research and industry to arrive at a real application,” said Giorgio Graditi, head of photovoltaic systems and Smart Grid Enea .
The plant is designed, for the first time in the world, by the Japanese giant Toshiba Corp and will be developed at the ENEA Research Institute Casaccia with the aim to make the first installations over the course of a couple of years. The real novelty lies in the technology used, consisting of a HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) based on innovative multi-level converters (Mcm) with Vsc technology (Voltage Source Converter). A cocktail which has advantages in terms of greater efficiency, flexibility, safety and stability of power flows and lower environmental footprint and impact.
The DC HVDC makes it possible to carry electricity for long distances with lower losses. Graditi ago better understand with numbers: lines in alternating cable more than 70-100 km long are hardly achievable, while in continuous lines are achieved length of several hundred kilometers. It is also possible to securely connect networks with voltages, frequencies or different operating regimes, as well as use the HVDC connection as generation reserve group as it is able to provide the required power amount in a short time. If all this is added the Vsc technology, there will be additional benefits in terms of stability, flexibility and network security. “With the agreement – commented Federico Head, Commissioner of ENEA – born strategic alliance between excellence of Italian and Japanese search for advanced solutions in the transmission of electricity over long distances, to the fullest perspective of the development of interconnected and integrated networks at European level. “
in today’s world almost all electricity is transmitted through AC lines, HVAC and only 2 % through current mains HVDC. However, in several countries such as Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa the DC lines carrying several gigawatts of power over thousands of kilometers. In Europe are operating under twenty HVDC interconnections and about a dozen are in the planning stages. In Italy – Graditi remember – we have the Sapei, underwater power from 1000MW connecting Sardinia to Italy; the SACOI 2 300MW, always between Sardinia and the Italian peninsula, and the underwater power line between Italy and Greece, has installed capacity of 500MW. Moreover, just started construction work on the HVDC link from 1000MW between Italy and Montenegro.
In the future, the HVDC system, with the addition of the new technology Vsc, it could be applied to the renewal and strengthening of the submarine power link between Italy, Sardinia and Corsica (the so-called SACOI 3). But even in the off-shore wind farms and interconnections especially in other international projects. “Due to its geographical position – it underlines Testa – Italy lends itself well to become the center of an extensive network that spaces from North Africa to the Balkans to the middle Europe.” In short, a sort of electricity hub.
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